@article{oai:nagasaki-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00001497,
 author = {Watanabe, Ken},
 journal = {Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine},
 month = {Nov},
 note = {Influenza virus infections are a serious public health concern throughout the world. 
Emergence of viral resistance to the currently approved anti-influenza drugs warrants the development of new antiviral agents. 
Japanese herbal medicines called Kampo are very commonly used as prescription medication in Japan, 
and Mao-to is known to be effective against influenza that is caused by oseltamivir-resistant viruses. 
However, influenza-related death occurs mainly among the elderly, and for patients with hypertension and diabetes,
 Mao-to may cause these diseases to worsen. 
Therefore, the exploration of more potent and safe Kampo medicines may be a good strategy for developing new influenza medicines.
 Here cell-based screening of anti-influenza virus activity for 42 approved Kampo medicines was performed using the drug-repositioning approach.
 As a result, four Kampo medicines were selected as potent anti-influenza agents against the A/WSN/33 strain. 
It was found that Daio-kanzo-to 
[50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 10.5 μg/mL; 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) = 71.6 μg/mL; selective index = 6.8]
 is more effective than Mao-to. 
Daio-kanzo-to and its constituent Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP) Rhubarb were also effective against H3N2 and H1N1 subtypes of influenza viruses, 
including oseltamivir-insensitive-2009 pandemic clinical isolates. These data suggest the potential application of Daio-kanzo-to for influenza treatment., Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2018, Article ID 6058181; 2018},
 title = {Drug-Repositioning Approach for the Discovery of Anti-Influenza Virus Activity of Japanese Herbal (Kampo) Medicines In Vitro: Potent High Activity of Daio-Kanzo-To},
 volume = {2018},
 year = {2018}
}