@article{oai:nagasaki-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00017935,
 author = {Seki, Masafumi and Kosai, Kosuke and Hara, Atsuko and Imamura, Yoshifumi and Nakamura, Shigeki and Kurihara, Shintaro and Izumikawa, Koichi and Kakeya, Hiroshi and Yamamoto, Yoshihiro and Yanagihara, Katsunori and Miyazaki, Yoshitsugu and Mukae, Hiroshi and Tashiro, Takayoshi and Kohno, Shigeru},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {Japanese journal of infectious diseases},
 month = {Jan},
 note = {Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a critical mediator of severe inflammatory diseases such as pneumonia, and the PAF-receptor (PAFR) is known to be an anchor for Streptococcus pneumoniae attachment to lung epithelial cells. We conducted a DNA microarray analysis to detect critical factors that mediate fulminant pneumonia due to influenza virus and S. pneumoniae co-infection in mice. Among the factors detected, levels of PAF-acetyl hydrolase (PAF-AH), which functions as inactivated PAF, were significantly increased, and PAFR was expressed in co-infected mouse lungs, as compared to the respective levels in mice infected with either S. pneumoniae or virus alone. Significantly elevated PAF-AH enzymatic activity was observed in the co-infected mouse lung, suggesting that co-infection activated PAF-related factors. These findings suggest that PAF and related molecules play important roles in fulminant pneumonia due to influenza virus infection, especially when severe bacterial pneumonia is complicated by co-infection with influenza virus., Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases, 62(1), pp.6-10; 2009},
 pages = {6--10},
 title = {Expression and DNA microarray analysis of a platelet activating factor-related molecule in severe pneumonia in mice due to influenza virus and bacterial co-infection.},
 volume = {62},
 year = {2009}
}