| アイテムタイプ |
学術雑誌論文 / Journal Article(1) |
| 公開日 |
2025-10-02 |
| タイトル |
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タイトル |
Confounding mechanisms and adjustment strategies in air pollution epidemiology: a case study assessment with the UK Biobank cohort |
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言語 |
en |
| 言語 |
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言語 |
eng |
| キーワード |
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言語 |
en |
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主題Scheme |
Other |
|
主題 |
UK Biobank |
| キーワード |
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言語 |
en |
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主題Scheme |
Other |
|
主題 |
air pollution |
| キーワード |
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|
言語 |
en |
|
主題Scheme |
Other |
|
主題 |
confounding |
| キーワード |
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言語 |
en |
|
主題Scheme |
Other |
|
主題 |
cohort study |
| キーワード |
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言語 |
en |
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主題Scheme |
Other |
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主題 |
long-term |
| 資源タイプ |
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資源タイプ識別子 |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
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資源タイプ |
journal article |
| 著者 |
Vanoli, Jacopo
Madaniyazi, Lina
Stafoggia, Massimo
Ng, Chris Fook Sheng
Gasparrini, Antonio
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| 抄録 |
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内容記述タイプ |
Abstract |
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内容記述 |
Background; Cohort studies are instrumental in examining long-term risks associated with environmental exposures but require appropriate control for various confounding effects. In this contribution, we assessed this issue by investigating the relationship between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and mortality in a UK-based cohort. Methods: We analysed data from half a million adults in the UK Biobank linked with time-varying individual-level exposure data and followed up during the period 2006–21. The assessment focused on confounding related to spatial and temporal patterns as well as due to measurable variables, including both contextual and individual-level factors. We performed an evaluation consisting of descriptive analyses, specification and interpretation of direct acyclic graphs (DAGs), and comparison of results from survival models. Results: We found correlations between PM2.5 exposure and mortality rates across time, geographical areas, and categories of measurable variables. The DAG indicated complex causal pathways and the need to adjust for a wide set of potential confounders. The regression analysis confirmed these patterns: the fully adjusted model estimated a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.25 (95% CI: 1.06–1.49) per 10 μg/m3 increments in PM2.5, but the association reversed to 0.82 (0.76–0.87) when excluding control for recruitment centre, suggesting strong spatial confounding. Calendar time showed stronger confounding effects compared to age. Area-level socio-economic indicators were more important than individual-level counterparts, while lack of control for lifestyle factors led to a noticeable overestimation. Conclusions: This case-study illustration elucidates various confounding mechanisms in cohort studies on environmental risks and offers a critical evaluation of alternative adjustment strategies. |
| 書誌情報 |
en : International Journal of Epidemiology
巻 54,
号 5,
p. art. no. dyaf163,
発行日 2025-09-15
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| 出版者 |
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出版者 |
Oxford University Press |
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言語 |
en |
| ISSN |
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収録物識別子タイプ |
ISSN |
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収録物識別子 |
0300-5771 |
| DOI |
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関連タイプ |
isIdenticalTo |
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識別子タイプ |
DOI |
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関連識別子 |
https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyaf163 |
| 権利 |
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権利情報 |
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. |
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言語 |
en |
| 著者版フラグ |
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|
出版タイプ |
VoR |
|
出版タイプResource |
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
| 引用 |
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内容記述タイプ |
Other |
|
内容記述 |
International Journal of Epidemiology, 54(5), art. no. dyaf163; 2025 |
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言語 |
en |
IJE54_dyaf163.pdf (956 KB)
