@article{oai:nagasaki-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00027050,
 author = {Wang, Bo and Tahara, Hironobu and Sagara, Takamasa},
 journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {Strategies for enhancement of redox-driven deformation of a hydrogel, viologen pendant poly-L-Lysine based glutaraldehyde cross-linked hydrogel (PLLV-GA-gel), were pursued. To surpass the previously reported fastest reductive contraction, a 93 % volume decrease within 100 s on dithionite reduction, and to accelerate expansion on oxidation, we examined the pendant rate dependence and the effect of the addition of conductive fillers or an anionic polymer, poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS). In testing deformation of water-floated PLLV-GA-gels, the contraction of a 25 % pendant rate gel was greater and faster than others. The initial rate of reductive contraction of the gels with fillers was in the order of graphene nano-platelet (GNP) > gold nanoparticle > carbon nanotube (CNT) > no-filler. The initial rates of swelling of GNP and CNT gels on oxidation were faster than the no-filler gel. PSS incorporation enhanced the swelling rate and amplitude but slowed down the contraction. All the PLLV-based samples on a Au electrode showed largely diffusion-controlled redox reactions of viologen in voltammograms and radical cation dimer rich light-absorption features in electroreflectance spectra. The guide for the choice of conductive filler and coexistence of anionic polymer described herein should be applicable to enhance the deformation of many redox-driven hydrogel actuators., Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 331, art. no. 129359; 2021},
 title = {Enhancement of deformation of redox-active hydrogel as an actuator by increasing pendant viologens and adding filler or counter-charged polymer},
 volume = {331},
 year = {2021}
}