@article{oai:nagasaki-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00027721,
 author = {Mukae, Hiroshi and Yotsuyanagi, Hiroshi and Ohmagari, Norio and Doi, Yohei and Imamura, Takumi and Sonoyama, Takuhiro and Fukuhara, Takahiro and Ichihashi, Genki and Sanaki, Takao and Baba, Keiko and Takeda, Yosuke and Tsuge, Yuko and Uehara, Takeki},
 issue = {10},
 journal = {Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy},
 month = {Sep},
 note = {This multicenter, double-blind, phase 2a part of a phase 2/3 study assessed the efficacy and safety of ensitrelvir, a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 3C-like protease inhibitor, in Japanese patients with mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or asymptomatic ARSCoV- 2 infection. Sixty-nine patients were randomized (1:1:1) to orally receive 5-day ensitrelvir fumaric acid (375 mg on day 1 followed by 125 mg daily, or 750 mg on day 1 followed by 250 mg daily) or placebo and followed up until day 28. The primary outcome was the change from baseline in the SARS-CoV-2 viral titer. A total of 16, 14, and 17 patients in the ensitrelvir 125 mg, ensitrelvir 250 mg, and placebo groups, respectively, were included in the intention-to-treat population (mean age: 38.0 to 40.4 years). On day 4, the change from baseline in SARS-CoV-2 viral titer (log10 50% tissue culture infectious dose/mL) in patients with positive viral titer and viral RNA at baseline was greater with ensitrelvir 125 mg (mean [standard deviation], –2.42 [1.42]; P = 0.0712) and 250 mg (–2.81 [1.21]; P = 0.0083) versus placebo (–1.54 [0.74]); ensitrelvir treatment reduced SARS-CoV-2 RNA by –1.4 to –1.5 log10 copies/ mL versus placebo. The viral titer and viral RNA were similar across groups on and after day 6. The median time to infectious viral clearance decreased by approximately 50 h with ensitrelvir treatment. All adverse events were mild to moderate. Ensitrelvir treatment demonstrated rapid SARS-CoV-2 clearance and was well tolerated (Japan Registry of Clinical Trials identifier: jRCT2031210350)., Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 66(10), art. no. e0069722; 2022},
 title = {A Randomized Phase 2/3 Study of Ensitrelvir, a Novel Oral SARS-CoV-2 3C-Like Protease Inhibitor, in Japanese Patients with Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19 or Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Results of the Phase 2a Part},
 volume = {66},
 year = {2022}
}