@article{oai:nagasaki-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000798,
 author = {Tsuzuki, Shinya and Yoshihara, Keisuke},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {BMC Public Health},
 month = {Apr},
 note = {Background: This study aimed to make a quantitative assessment of the management of influenza-like illnesses (ILI) in Japanese healthcare settings. Methods: We analysed participants' healthcare-seeking behaviour and physicians' practice in January 2019 using an online survey of 200 households in Japan. Quality of life score, quality-adjusted life years lost, the duration of symptoms, and the duration of absence from work were compared between the influenza ILI group and the non-influenza ILI group with one-to-one propensity score matching. Missing data were imputed using multiple imputation. Results: In total, 261 of the 600 (43.5%) participants had at least one episode of influenza-like illness during January 2019. Of these, 194 (75.5%) visited healthcare facilities, 167 (86.1%) within 2 days of onset of symptoms. A total of 169 out of 191 (88.5%) received a rapid influenza diagnostic test and 101 were diagnosed with influenza, of whom 95.0% were treated with antivirals. The median quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) lost was 0.0055 (interquartile range, IQR 0.0040-0.0072) and median absence from work for a single episode of influenza-like illness was 2 days (IQR 1-5 days). Albeit QALYs lost per episode was not different between two groups, the influenza ILI group showed longer duration of absence from work (5 days, IQR 4-6 days) than the non-influenza ILI group (2 days, IQR 1-3 days). Conclusions: In Japan, most people with influenza-like illnesses visit healthcare facilities soon after symptoms first occur and receive a diagnostic test. Those with influenza are usually treated with antivirals. Absence from work was longer for influenza than other similar illnesses., BMC public health, 20(1), p.568; 2020},
 title = {The characteristics of influenza-like illness management in Japan},
 volume = {20},
 year = {2020}
}