@article{oai:nagasaki-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00008786,
 author = {Kamiyama, Haruka and Kakoki, Katsura and Shigematsu, Sayuri and Izumida, Mai and Yashima, Yuka and Tanaka, Yuetsu and Hayashi, Hideki and Matsuyama, Toshifumi and Sato, Hironori and Yamamoto, Naoki and Sano, Tetsuro and Shidoji, Yoshihiro and Kubo, Yoshinao},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses},
 month = {Jan},
 note = {Development of an effective low-cost anti-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) drugs is needed for treatment of AIDS patients in developing countries. Host cell lipid raft microdomains, which are enriched with cholesterol, glycolipids, ceramide, and gangliosides, are important for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entry. Retinoid analogs have been shown to modulate ceramide levels in the cell membrane, while cholera toxin B subunit (CT-B) specifically binds to the ganglioside GM1. In this study, we found that the acyclic retinoid analogs geranylgeranoic acid (GGA) and NIK-333 as well as CT-B efficiently attenuate CXCR4-tropic, but not CCR5-tropic, HIV-1 vector infection. We also found that GGA and NIK-333 suppress CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 infection by attenuating CXCR4 expression. CT-B also attenuated CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 infection, but did not suppress CXCR4 expression. These results suggest a distinct role for lipid raft microdomains in CXCR4- and CCR5-tropic HIV-1 infections and illuminate novel agents for the development of AIDS therapy., AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 29(2), pp.279-288; 2013},
 pages = {279--288},
 title = {CXCR4-Tropic, But Not CCR5-Tropic, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Is Inhibited by the Lipid Raft-Associated Factors, Acyclic Retinoid Analogs, and Cholera Toxin B Subunit},
 volume = {29},
 year = {2013}
}