@article{oai:nagasaki-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000097,
 author = {Fujioka, Takahiro and Kodamatani, Hitoshi and Yoshikawa, Takumi and Inoue, Daisuke and Ikehata, Keisuke},
 journal = {Environmental Technology & Innovation},
 month = {Sep},
 note = {The advanced oxidation process (AOP), using conventional low-pressure mercury (LP Hg)-vapor UV lamps, forms a critical barrier for pathogens and contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in potable water reuse.
 In recent years, UV-light-emitting diode (UV-LED) has attracted considerable attention as an alternative UV source because it has a long lifetime and is mercury-free. This study assesses the effectiveness of 265-nm UV-LED in removal of characteristic CECs, 1,4-dioxane (100 μg/L) and N-nitrosamines (500 ng/L), including N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), in recycled potable water. Direct photolysis using a UV-LED lamp, at the maximum UV dose of 900 mJ/cm2, achieved a maximum of 31% NDMA reduction, as opposed to a 93% reduction by a conventional LP Hg UV lamp. We attributed this to the longer emission wavelength 
of the UV-LED (265 nm) than that for the LP Hg UV lamp (254 nm). Both UV lamps failed to photolyze 1,4-dioxane. Using hydrogen peroxide or monochloramine remarkably enhanced the effectiveness of the LP Hg UV-based AOP in removing 1,4-dioxane, and the percentage of NDMA removed also increased 
slightly; however, it did not improve the effectiveness of the UV-LED-based AOP.
 We conclude from this study that despite the advantages of the UV-LED over the conventional LP Hg UV lamp, the former performs ineffectively at attenuating major CECs in recycled water., Environmental Technology and Innovation, 20, art.no.101147; 2020},
 title = {Assessment of 265-nm UV-LED for direct photolysis and advanced oxidation of N-nitrosamines and 1,4-dioxane},
 volume = {20},
 year = {2020}
}